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An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

Adam Smith · Economics · 52 章

目录

Contents INTRODUCTION AND PLAN OF THE WORK.BOOK I. OF THE CAUSES OF IMPROVEMENT IN THE PRODUCTIVE POWERS OF LABOUR, AND OF THE ORDER ACCORDING TO WHICH ITS PRODUCE IS NATURALLY DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE DIFFERENT RANKS OF THE PEOPLE.CHAPTER I. OF THE DIVISION OF LABOUR.CHAPTER II. OF THE PRINCIPLE WHICH GIVES OCCASION TO THE DIVISION OF LABOUR.CHAPTER III. THAT THE DIVISION OF LABOUR IS LIMITED BY THE EXTENT OF THE MARKET.CHAPTER IV. OF THE ORIGIN AND USE OF MONEY.CHAPTER V. OF THE REAL AND NOMINAL PRICE OF COMMODITIES, OR OF THEIR PRICE IN LABOUR, AND THEIR PRICE IN MONEY.CHAPTER VI. OF THE COMPONENT PART OF THE PRICE OF COMMODITIES.CHAPTER VII. OF THE NATURAL AND MARKET PRICE OF COMMODITIES.CHAPTER VIII. OF THE WAGES OF LABOUR.CHAPTER IX. OF THE PROFITS OF STOCK.PART II.—Inequalities occasioned by the Policy of Europe.Chapter 14 PART II.—Of the Produce of Land, which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent.PART III.—Of the variations in the Proportion between the respective Values of that sort of Produce which always affords Rent, and of that which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent.Chapter 17 Conclusion of the Chapter.INTRODUCTION.CHAPTER I. OF THE DIVISION OF STOCK.CHAPTER II. OF MONEY, CONSIDERED AS A PARTICULAR BRANCH OF THE GENERAL STOCK OF THE SOCIETY, OR OF THE EXPENSE OF MAINTAINING THE NATIONAL CAPITAL.Chapter 22 CHAPTER III. OF THE ACCUMULATION OF CAPITAL, OR OF PRODUCTIVE AND UNPRODUCTIVE LABOUR.CHAPTER IV. OF STOCK LENT AT INTEREST.CHAPTER V. OF THE DIFFERENT EMPLOYMENTS OF CAPITALS.CHAPTER I. OF THE NATURAL PROGRESS OF OPULENCE.CHAPTER II. OF THE DISCOURAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE ANCIENT STATE OF EUROPE, AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.CHAPTER III. OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF CITIES AND TOWNS, AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.CHAPTER IV. HOW THE COMMERCE OF TOWNS CONTRIBUTED TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE COUNTRY.BOOK IV. OF SYSTEMS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.CHAPTER I. OF THE PRINCIPLE OF THE COMMERCIAL OR MERCANTILE SYSTEM.CHAPTER II. OF RESTRAINTS UPON IMPORTATION FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES OF SUCH GOODS AS CAN BE PRODUCED AT HOME.PART II.—Of the Unreasonableness of those extraordinary Restraints, upon other Principles.CHAPTER IV. OF DRAWBACKS.CHAPTER V. OF BOUNTIES.CHAPTER VI. OF TREATIES OF COMMERCE.PART II. Causes of the Prosperity of New Colonies.PART III. Of the Advantages which Europe has derived From the Discovery of America, and from that of a Passage to the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope.Chapter 39 CHAPTER VIII. CONCLUSION OF THE MERCANTILE SYSTEM.APPENDIX TO BOOK IV BOOK V. OF THE REVENUE OF THE SOVEREIGN OR COMMONWEALTH PART II. Of the Expense of Justice PART III. Of the Expense of public Works and public Institutions.Chapter 45 CONCLUSION.PART II. Of Taxes.APPENDIX TO ARTICLES I. AND II.—Taxes upon the Capital Value of Lands, Houses, and Stock.Chapter 49 CHAPTER III. OF PUBLIC DEBTS.Chapter 51 THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG™ LICENSE