官方藏书 / History_-_Religious / Church History (Volumes 1-3)

Church History (Volumes 1-3)

J. H. Kurtz · History_-_Religious · 233 章

目录

CHURCH HISTORY.PREFACE.CONTENTS.NOTE BY TRANSLATOR.INTRODUCTION.§ 2. Distribution of Church History according To Contents.§ 3. Distribution of Church History according to Periods.§ 4. Sources and Auxiliaries of Church History.1 § 5. History of General Church History.HISTORY OF THE PREPARATION FOR CHRISTIANITY. The pre-Christian World preparing the way of the Christian Church.§ 7. Heathenism.§ 8. Judaism.§ 9. Samaritanism.§ 10. Intercourse between Judaism and Heathenism.§ 11. The Fulness of Time.THE HISTORY OF THE BEGINNINGS. The Founding of the Church by Christ and His Apostles.I. THE LIFE OF JESUS.II. THE APOSTOLIC AGE. A.D. 30-70.§ 15. The Ministry of the Apostle Paul.§ 16. The Other Apostles after the Appearance of the Apostle Paul.§ 17. Constitution, Worship, and Discipline.6 § 18. Heresies in the Apostolic Age.17 FIRST DIVISION. History of the Development of the Church during the Græco-Roman and Græco-Byzantine Periods.FIRST SECTION. History of the Græco-Roman Church during the Second and Third Centuries (A.D. 70-323).18 I. THE RELATIONSHIP OF EXTRA-CHRISTIAN PAGANISM AND JUDAISM TO THE CHURCH.21 § 22. Persecutions of the Christians in the Roman Empire.22 § 23. Controversial Writings of Paganism.§ 24. Attempted Reconstruction of Paganism.§ 25. Jewish and Samaritan Reaction.II. DANGER TO THE CHURCH FROM PAGAN AND JEWISH ELEMENTS WITHIN ITS OWN PALE.§ 27. The Gentile Christian Gnosticism.§ 28. Ebionism and Ebionitic Gnosticism.45 § 29. Manichæism.III. THE DOCTRINAL DEVELOPMENT AND APOLOGETICAL ACTIVITY OF THE CHURCH.52 § 31. The Theological Literature of the Old Catholic Age, A.D. 170-323.1. Church Fathers Writing in Greek.2. Church Fathers Writing in Latin.§ 32. The Apocryphal and Pseudepigraphical Literature.80 § 33. The Doctrinal Controversies of the Old Catholic Age.90 IV. CONSTITUTION, WORSHIP, LIFE AND DISCIPLINE.94 § 35. The Administration of Baptism.97 § 36. Public Worship and its Various Parts.99 § 37. Feasts and Festival Seasons.102 § 38. The Church Buildings and the Catacombs.§ 39. Life, Manners, and Discipline.106 § 40. The Montanist Reformation.108 § 41. Schismatic Divisions in the Church.I. CHURCH AND STATE.§ 43. The Christian Empire and the Ecclesiastical Law.II. MONASTICISM, CLERICALISM AND HIERARCHISM.§ 45. The Clergy.§ 46A. The Patriarchal Constitution and the Primacy.126 § 46B. History of the Roman Chair and its Claims to the Primacy.127 III. THEOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND LITERATURE.1. THE MOST IMPORTANT TEACHERS OF THE EASTERN CHURCH.2. THE MOST IMPORTANT TEACHERS OF THE WESTERN CHURCH.§ 48. Branches of Theological Science and Christian Poetry.IV. DOCTRINAL CONTROVERSIES AND HERESIES.§ 50. The Trinitarian Controversy, A.D. 318-381.150 § 51. The Origenist Controversies, A.D. 394-438.§ 52. The Christological Controversy.159 § 53. The Soteriological Controversies, A.D. 412-529.165 § 54. Reappearance and Remodelling of Earlier Heretical Sects.V. WORSHIP, LIFE, DISCIPLINE AND MORALS.§ 56. Festivals and Seasons for Public Worship.§ 57. Worship of Saints, Relics and Images.171 § 58. The Dispensation of the Sacraments.§ 59. Public Worship in Word and Symbol.§ 60. Places of Public Worship, Buildings And Works of Art.181 § 61. Life, Discipline and Morals.182 § 62. Heretical Reformers.§ 63. Schisms.VI. THE CHURCH OUTSIDE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.185 § 65. The Counter-Mission of the Mohammedans.188 I. Developments of the Greek Church in Combination with the Western.§ 67. Division between Greek and Roman Churches and Attempts at Union, A.D. 857-1453.192 II. Developments in the Eastern Church without the Co-operation of the Western.§ 69. Doctrinal Controversies in the 12th-14th Centuries.§ 70. Constitution, Worship and Life.§ 71. Dualistic Heretics.§ 72. The Nestorian and Monophysite Churches of the East.§ 73. The Slavonic Churches adhering to the Orthodox Greek Confession.SECOND DIVISION. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE GERMAN AND ROMAN CHURCH DURING THE MIDDLE AGES.198 I. Founding, Spread, and Limitation of the German Church.199 § 76. The Victory of Catholicism over Arianism.202 § 77. Victory of the Romish over the Old British Church.206 § 78. The Conversion and Romanizing of Germany.215 § 79. The Slavs in German Countries.222 § 80. The Scandinavian Nations.223 § 81. Christianity and Islam.225 II. THE HIERARCHY, THE CLERGY AND THE MONKS.§ 83. The Rank of Metropolitan.232 § 84. The Clergy in General.233 § 85. Monasticism.240 § 86. The Property of Churches and Monasteries.§ 87. Ecclesiastical Legislation.III. THE CHURCH AND THE PEOPLE.§ 89. National Customs, Social Life and Church Discipline.IV. THEOLOGY AND ITS BATTLES.§ 91. Doctrinal Controversies.§ 92. Endeavours After Reformation.I. The Spread of Christianity.§ 94. The Crusades.267 § 95. Islam and the Jews in Europe.II.―The Hierarchy, the Clergy, and the Monks.Chapter 106 Chapter 107 § 97. The Clergy.§ 98. Monastic Orders and Institutions.III. Theological Science and its Controversies.§ 100. The Sæculum Obscurum: the 10th Century.294 § 101. The Eleventh Century.§ 102. The Twelfth Century.§ 103. The Thirteenth Century.IV. The Church and the People.§ 105. National Customs and the National Literature.§ 106. Church Discipline, Indulgences, and Asceticism.§ 107. Female Mystics.V. Heretical Opposition to Ecclesiastical Authority.§ 109. The Church against the Protesters.I. The Hierarchy, Clergy, and Monks.§ 111. The Clergy.§ 112. Monastic Orders and Societies.II. Theological Science.§ 114. The German Mystics.335 III. The Church and the People.§ 115b. National Literature and Ecclesiastical Art.§ 116. Popular Movements.§ 117. Church Discipline.IV. Attempts at Reformation.§ 119. Evangelical Efforts at Reform.§ 120. The Revival of Learning.THIRD DIVISION. History of the Development of the Church under Modern European Forms of Civilization.I. The Reformation.360 § 123. Luther’s Period of Conflict, A.D. 1520, 1521.§ 124. Deterioration and Purification of the Wittenberg Reformation, A.D. 1522-1525.§ 125. Friends and Foes of Luther’s Doctrine, A.D. 1522-1526.§ 126. Development of the Reformation in the Empire, A.D. 1522-1526.§ 127. Organization of the Evangelical Provincial Churches, A.D. 1526-1529.§ 128. Martyrs for Evangelical Truth, A.D. 1521-1529.§ 129. Luther’s Private and Public Life, A.D. 1523-1529.§ 130. The Reformation in German Switzerland, A.D. 1519-1531.§ 131. The Sacramentarian Controversy, A.D. 1525-1529.368 § 132. The Protest and Confession of the Evangelical Nobles, A.D. 1527-1530.§ 133. Incidents of the Years A.D. 1531-1536.§ 134. Incidents of the Years A.D. 1537-1539.§ 135. Union Attempts of A.D. 1540-1546.§ 136. The Schmalcald War, the Interim, and the Council, A.D. 1546-1551.§ 137A. Maurice and the Peace of Augsburg A.D. 1550-1555.§ 137B. Germany after the Religious Peace.§ 138. The Reformation in French Switzerland.369 § 139. The Reformation in Other Lands.Chapter 153 Chapter 154 II. The Churches of the Reformation.§ 141. Doctrinal Controversies in the Lutheran Church.403 § 142. Constitution, Worship, Life, and Science in the Lutheran Church.§ 143. The Inner Development of the Reformed Church.§ 144. Calvinizing of German Lutheran National Churches.III. The Deformation.§ 146. Mysticism and Pantheism.§ 147. Anabaptism.420 § 148. Antitrinitarians and Unitarians.422 IV. The Counter-Reformation.§ 150. Foreign Missions.§ 151. Attempted Regeneration of Roman Catholicism.I. Relations between the Different Churches.§ 153. Catholicism and Protestantism.§ 154. Lutheranism and Calvinism.§ 155. Anglicanism and Puritanism.453 II. The Roman Catholic Church.§ 157. Quietism and Jansenism.§ 158. Science and Art in the Catholic Church.III. The Lutheran Church.§ 160. The Religious Life.IV. The Reformed Church.§ 162. The Religious Life.473 V. Anti- and Extra-Ecclesiastical Parties.§ 164. Philosophers and Freethinkers.485 I. The Catholic Church in East and West.§ 166. The Oriental Churches.II. The Protestant Churches.§ 168. The Church of the Moravian Brethren.505 § 169. The Reformed Church before the “Illumination.”§ 170. New Sects and Fanatics.§ 171. Religion, Theology, and Literature of the “Illumination.”517 § 172. Church Life in the Period of the “Illumination.”I. General and Introductory.§ 174. Nineteenth Century Culture in Relation to Christianity and the Church.§ 175. Intercourse and Negotiations between the Churches.II. Protestantism in General.526 § 177. Evangelical Union and Lutheran Separation.§ 178. Evangelical Confederation.§ 179. Lutheranism, Melanchthonianism, and Calvinism.§ 180. The “Protestantenverein.”§ 181. Disputes about Forms of Worship.§ 182. Protestant Theology in Germany.§ 183. Home Missions.§ 184. Foreign Missions.III. Catholicism in General.§ 186. Various Orders and Associations.§ 187. Liberal Catholic Movements.§ 188. Catholic Ultramontanism.§ 189. The Vatican Council.548 § 190. The Old Catholics.§ 191. Catholic Theology, especially in Germany.IV. Relation of Church to the Empire and to the States.§ 193. Prussia.§ 194. The North German smaller States.§ 195. Bavaria.§ 196. The South German Smaller States and Rhenish Alsace and Lorraine.§ 197. The so-called Kulturkampf in the German Empire.550 § 198. Austria-Hungary.§ 199. Switzerland.§ 200. Holland and Belgium.§ 201. The Scandinavian Countries.§ 202. Great Britain and Ireland.§ 203. France.§ 204. Italy.§ 205. Spain and Portugal.§ 206. Russia.§ 207. Greece and Turkey.§ 208. The United States of America.564 § 209. The Roman Catholic States of South America.V. Opponents of Church and of Christianity.§ 211. Sectaries and Enthusiasts in the Protestant Domain.§ 212. Antichristian Socialism and Communism.Chapter 228 INDEX.Chapter 230 Footnotes.Transcriber’s Notes.THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG™ LICENSE